• Insufficient skills (competency) to complete the required task. 
• Inadequate consultation with relevant employees. 
• Inadequate competent supervision. 
• Planning for required equipment not carried out. 
• Improvisation using inappropriate equipment.

• Poor lighting provided to the work face, especially in basement and other enclosed areas.
• Access ways not suitably defined or lighted.

• Access to work area cluttered – poor housekeeping.
• Insufficient clear space around the perimeter of the work area. 
• Area around work area cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• Inadequate access for concreters and their equipment. 
• Deck incomplete, steel fixers or other trades still working.

• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail no midrail or fender board. 
• Gaps in perimeter protection, e.g. between screen or edge scaffold. 
• No catch scaffold provided. 

• Penetration/s not meshed, covered, secured and marked. 

• Formwork failure – structurally inadequate. 
• Formwork not inspected.

• Personal protective clothing – sunscreen 15+30, shirt, flap on hard hat not worn. 
• AS rated sunglasses not worn. 

• No water to work area to flush concrete from eye/s. 
• Eye protection not worn for tasks where splashing occurs, e.g. vibrating. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE for the required task. 
• Barrier cream, or similar, not worn. 

• Risk assessment not undertaken. 
• Alternate (safer) substance not considered. 
• No MSDS provided. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE for the required task. 
• Safety instructions ignored and/or training in safe use of the substance not provided. 

• Inadequate supply of cold drinking water provided to the work area. 
• Suitable work clothing not worn e.g. loose light coloured clothing. 
• No shaded areas or temporary cover erected to work under. 

Struck by concrete which may cause body injuries; falls onto the deck or off the edge of the deck. 

• No warning given prior to starting or re-commencing the pour. 
• Air in hose due to: a blockage; a change of supply; a poor mix –or delays in the pour. 
• Delivery hose damaged. 
• Poor control of T-bar at end of hose. 
• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail no midrail or fender board. 
• No catch scaffold. 
• Blow back in the line. 

Delivery pipe / joint failure. 

• Connecting pipes not adequately secured, e.g. no safety pins for lever couplings. 
• Joint or pipe section fails – brackets fixed too far apart causing excessive movement. 
• Exceed pipe operating pressure – wrong diameter pipe or pipe worn too thin. 
• Pipe damaged. 
• Inadequate support where a change in direction, or reducer occurs. 

• Walking backwards during delivery. 
• Boot gets caught between steel reinforcement – different sized reinforcement occurs over the work area. 
• Steel reinforcement sags/gives way – not enough ties or chairs. 
• T-bar slips off the end of the hose. 

• No caps on the ends of reinforcement bar/s, e.g. column starter bars. 
• Tie wire not turned down into reinforcement cage. 
• Tie wire punctures boot. 

• Walking backwards during delivery. 
• Planks not provided to cover deep beams. 
• Penetrations not meshed, secured and marked. 

• No engineering solution for high noise level, e.g. quieter or muffled equipment. 
• No temporary sound absorption screen or barrier to protect other persons in the area, e.g. ply or polystyrene. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE worn for the required task. 
• Enclosed area - causing echo.

• No eye protection worn by operator.
• No water available in work area to flush concrete from eye/s. 

• Poor fuel storage container. 
• Inadequate funnel for refuelling. 
• Smoking near fuel. 
• Re-fuelling when motor is still in operation. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE for the required task. 

• Inadequate ventilation provided. 
• Enclosed area. 
• Electric vibrator not used.

• Equipment faulty or damaged. 
• Earth Leakage Switch not installed on mains supply or portable generator. 
• Extension lead faulty or damaged. 
• Extension lead not secured above work area - lying in water. 

• Walking backwards while operating vibrator. 
• Boot gets caught between steel reinforcement – different sized reinforcement occurs over the work area.
• Steel reinforcement sags /gives way – not enough ties or chairs. 

• Flicking the vibrator.
• Weight of the vibrator and the drag affect when vibrating large deep vertical columns. 
• Lifting the vibrator over walls and up ladders to vibrate columns. 
• Materials hoist not in situ.
• Two persons not used to carry the vibrator – insufficient manpower to do the job. 
• Limited job rotation opportunities 

• Insufficient rest periods between jobs. 
• Repetitious twisting and shovelling, or raking. 
• Difficulty in workability of different strength concrete. 
• Limited job rotation opportunities. 
• Concrete too dry.

• Walking backwards while shovelling. 
• Boot gets caught between steel reinforcement – different sized reinforcement occurs over the work area. 
• Getting in and out of the concrete. 
• Steel reinforcement sags/gives way – not enough ties or chairs

• Mechanised screed not used where practicable. 
• Insufficient rest periods between jobs. 
• Repetitious twisting and shovelling, or raking. 
• Difficulty in workability of different strength concrete. 
• Concrete too dry 
• Limited job rotation opportunities.

• No engineering solution for high noise level, e.g. quieter or muffled equipment. 
• No temporary sound absorption screen or barrier to protect other persons in the area, e.g. ply or polystyrene. 
• No PPE for the required task. 
• Incorrect PPE for the required task.
• Enclosed area causing echo. 

Fall from the edge of the work area. 

• Insufficient clear space around the perimeter of the work area. 
• Area around work area cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail no midrail or fender board. 
• Gaps in perimeter protection, e.g. between screen or edge scaffold. 
• No catch scaffold provided. 
• Fall over perimeter handrail backwards. 

• Insufficient rest periods between jobs. 
• Repetitious arm and wrist movement. 
• No clear access around the perimeter of the work area or access cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• Limited job rotation opportunities.

• Not watching the float when  walking behind the operator. 
• Insufficient clear space around the perimeter of the work area. 
• Area around work area cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail no midrail or fender board. 
• Gaps in perimeter protection, e.g. between screen or edge scaffold. 
• No catch scaffold. 

• Fall backwards over perimeter handrail. 
• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail no midrail or fender board. 
• Gaps in perimeter protection, e.g. between screen or edge scaffold. 
• Insufficient clear access around the perimeter of the work area. 
• Area around work area cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• No catch scaffold provided. 

• Fall backwards over perimeter handrail. 
• Inadequate strength in perimeter handrail, no midrail or fender board. 
• Gaps in perimeter protection, e.g. between screen or edge scaffold. 
• No clear access around the perimeter of the work area 
• Area around work area cluttered with stored materials and/or rubbish. 
• No catch scaffold provided. 

• Operator not trained.
• Operator not watching. 
• Blade hits object protruding from the slab, e.g. reinforcement or stressing duct, stopping the blade. 
• Momentum throws operator.

• Poor machine maintenance. 
• Inadequate machine guard. 
• Guard hits object protruding from the slab, e.g. reinforcement or stressing duct, and falls off. 
• Pin securing the machine blade falls out causing the blade to fall off (pin loose or worn). 

• Crane or other mechanical device not used where practicable. 
• Extension carry bar incorrect – too short. 
• Missing extension carry bar. 
• Slip when lifting. 
• Not enough people used to lift the machine. 

• Non-approved storage container used for fuel. 
• Inadequate funnel for refuelling. 
• Smoking near fuel. 
• Re-fuelling when motor still in operation. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE worn for the required task.

• Inadequate ventilation provided. 
• Enclosed area. 
• No scrubber, or catalytic converter fitted to exhaust. 

• No engineering solution for high noise level, e.g. quieter or muffled machine. 
• No temporary sound absorption screen or barrier to protect other persons in the area, e.g. ply or polystyrene. 
• No PPE or incorrect PPE for the required task. 
• Enclosed area causing echo. 

• No PPE or incorrect PPE for the required task. 
• Wind causes spray to drift to other areas and workers.